不銹鋼瓦楞(leng)形(xing)板是不銹鋼寬幅型(xing)鋼的一種，由于其(qi)形(xing)狀如同頂(ding)上用瓦片鋪成的行列隆起部分，故稱為(wei)久久99國產精品久久99果凍傳媒:不銹鋼瓦(wa)楞形板，如圖5-37所示。
人們過去(qu)常見的(de)“瓦(wa)楞（形）板(ban)(ban)”大都是(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)普通低碳鋼(gang)，也(ye)就是(shi)(shi)非(fei)合金(jin)鋼(gang)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)制成(cheng)的(de)（見圖5-38),還有用(yong)(yong)非(fei)金(jin)屬材(cai)(cai)料(liao)如石棉、塑料(liao)、紙板(ban)(ban)等制成(cheng)的(de)瓦(wa)楞形板(ban)(ban)。這(zhe)些瓦(wa)楞形板(ban)(ban)主要(yao)用(yong)(yong)于建筑領域的(de)屋頂材(cai)(cai)料(liao)、外墻材(cai)(cai)料(liao)和各(ge)種包裝箱(xiang)體的(de)外形材(cai)(cai)料(liao)和產品包裝箱(xiang)、盒等，之所(suo)以(yi)做成(cheng)瓦(wa)楞形狀，主要(yao)目的(de)是(shi)(shi)增加結構剛度(du)和穩定性。因此，其尺寸精(jing)度(du)和表面質量(liang)要(yao)求及材(cai)(cai)質要(yao)求都不(bu)是(shi)(shi)很高。
此處介紹(shao)的不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)楞(leng)形(xing)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)與普通的“瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)楞(leng)（形(xing)）板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)”有(you)著本質的不同(tong)，首先材(cai)料(liao)是(shi)(shi)不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)，無疑要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)比(bi)普通的“瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)楞(leng)（形(xing)）板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)”具有(you)更高的強(qiang)度、良(liang)好(hao)的耐腐(fu)蝕性能(neng)和極好(hao)的裝飾效果，另外在(zai)結構上(shang)也(ye)大不相同(tong)。這些(xie)都賦(fu)予了(le)不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)楞(leng)形(xing)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)不僅(jin)具有(you)普通“瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)楞(leng)形(xing)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)”的各種(zhong)功(gong)能(neng)與作用(yong)，而且具有(you)普通“瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)楞(leng)（形(xing)）板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)”沒有(you)的功(gong)能(neng)，即不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)楞(leng)形(xing)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)可(ke)以作為傳(chuan)熱元件使用(yong)。作為傳(chuan)熱元件，對其各方面的要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求就比(bi)普通“瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)楞(leng)（形(xing)）板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)”高得(de)多，特別是(shi)(shi)對瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)楞(leng)形(xing)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)表觀的要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求。對瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)楞(leng)形(xing)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)表觀的要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求主要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)體現(xian)在(zai)對外形(xing)尺寸(cun)和表面質量(liang)的要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求上(shang)。因此，采用(yong)何(he)種(zhong)方式、何(he)種(zhong)工藝加工生產不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)楞(leng)形(xing)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)就成(cheng)為保證(zheng)其外形(xing)尺寸(cun)和質量(liang)的關鍵。其他性能(neng)（機械性能(neng)、耐腐(fu)蝕性能(neng)和焊接性能(neng)）主要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)取(qu)決于所選用(yong)的材(cai)料(liao)。
1. 不(bu)銹鋼(gang)瓦(wa)楞形板外形尺(chi)寸
從圖(tu)5-37和(he)圖(tu)5-39可以看出不(bu)銹鋼(gang)瓦楞形(xing)板的(de)外表形(xing)狀是(shi)有規律(lv)、周期性變化的(de)，而且彎曲深度較小、形(xing)狀單一，不(bu)僅(jin)(jin)有橫向波紋(wen)(wen)，而且還有縱向波紋(wen)(wen)。所以說，其(qi)形(xing)狀既簡(jian)單又(you)復雜，簡(jian)單是(shi)指(zhi)(zhi)形(xing)狀單一，有規律(lv)；復雜是(shi)指(zhi)(zhi)不(bu)僅(jin)(jin)有橫向波紋(wen)(wen)，而且還有縱向波紋(wen)(wen)。這就給不(bu)銹鋼(gang)瓦楞形(xing)板的(de)成型帶(dai)來不(bu)小的(de)難度，在成型工藝上必須采取相應的(de)工藝措施(shi)和(he)手(shou)段，方能保證獲得(de)要求的(de)外形(xing)尺(chi)寸和(he)成型質量。
圖(tu)5-39是(shi)不銹鋼(gang)瓦楞形板的(de)實物照片，從圖(tu)片可以看(kan)出，不銹鋼(gang)瓦楞形板的(de)外(wai)表(biao)和形狀是(shi)非(fei)常美觀(guan)、漂亮的(de)，具有較高的(de)觀(guan)賞性，如同工藝品、裝飾品。
圖5-39不(bu)銹鋼(gang)瓦(wa)楞形(xing)板A-A截(jie)面(mian)尺寸，見(jian)(jian)圖5-40,B-B截(jie)面(mian)尺寸，見(jian)(jian)圖5-41。
不銹(xiu)鋼瓦楞形板成品(pin)實(shi)物(wu)斷面圖片，見圖5-40(b)和圖5-41(b)。
從圖5-40和圖5-41可以看出(chu)，不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)瓦(wa)楞形板的(de)斷面變化的(de)規律是周(zhou)期(qi)性的(de)，斷面形狀是關于縱向中心線為對稱(cheng)的(de)型鋼(gang)，彎(wan)曲深(shen)度較(jiao)淺，深(shen)度僅有7mm。
不銹鋼瓦楞形板外形尺寸(cun)精度(du)：截面(mian)最大邊長誤差≤0.3mm;圓角最大直徑：≤2.0mm;縱向、橫(heng)向彎(wan)曲(qu)度(du)：每米(mi)≤1mm; 扭轉：每米(mi)≤1°。
2. 瓦(wa)楞形板橫(heng)向(xiang)波紋(wen)的成型
不(bu)銹鋼(gang)瓦楞形(xing)(xing)板輥(gun)式冷(leng)彎(wan)成型(xing)(xing)時，首(shou)先將不(bu)銹鋼(gang)冷(leng)軋平板預彎(wan)曲(qu)鐓(dui)壓成弧形(xing)(xing)波(bo)紋(wen)，如圖5-42所示(shi)的(de)(de)第一架(jia)成型(xing)(xing)輥(gun)孔形(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)狀。輥(gun)形(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)形(xing)(xing)狀為(wei)(wei)，向下彎(wan)曲(qu)的(de)(de)弧形(xing)(xing)直(zhi)徑為(wei)(wei)Φ=265mm,向上彎(wan)曲(qu)的(de)(de)弧形(xing)(xing)直(zhi)徑為(wei)(wei)Φ=164mm,帶鋼(gang)進入并(bing)通過如此輥(gun)型(xing)(xing)是(shi)毫不(bu)困(kun)難的(de)(de)，一個(ge)(ge)波(bo)長(chang)（周期）為(wei)(wei)83.40mm,弧深度（垂(chui)直(zhi)位(wei)(wei)移(yi)(yi)）為(wei)(wei)4.12mm,這個(ge)(ge)成型(xing)(xing)形(xing)(xing)狀無論是(shi)在變形(xing)(xing)寬度上，還是(shi)變形(xing)(xing)深度上都是(shi)可行(xing)的(de)(de)和符合要求的(de)(de)。一個(ge)(ge)波(bo)長(chang)（周期）橫向位(wei)(wei)移(yi)(yi)（減(jian)寬量）為(wei)(wei)0.60mm,相對(dui)減(jian)寬率（橫向位(wei)(wei)移(yi)(yi)）為(wei)(wei)0.71%,見圖5-42,如此的(de)(de)位(wei)(wei)移(yi)(yi)（減(jian)寬量）不(bu)會對(dui)鐓(dui)壓成型(xing)(xing)造(zao)成困(kun)難和產生(sheng)成型(xing)(xing)缺陷，這些都為(wei)(wei)第二架(jia)成型(xing)(xing)輥(gun)再鐓(dui)壓創造(zao)了條件。
第(di)二架成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)輥(gun)(gun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)第(di)一(yi)架成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)輥(gun)(gun)的(de)鐓(dui)壓基(ji)礎上，再(zai)次鐓(dui)壓，使(shi)其達到(dao)如圖(tu)(tu)5-42所(suo)(suo)示(shi)的(de)孔形(xing)形(xing)狀，弧(hu)(hu)(hu)度直(zhi)徑(jing)分別為(wei)Φ=133mm和p=82mm,一(yi)個(ge)(ge)波長（周期(qi)）為(wei)81.70mm、弧(hu)(hu)(hu)深度為(wei)8.18mm,這就是說(shuo)寬(kuan)度和深度更(geng)接近于(yu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)品(pin)形(xing)狀，而(er)相對減(jian)(jian)寬(kuan)量(liang)（水(shui)平(ping)位移(yi)）僅為(wei)1.42mm,相對減(jian)(jian)寬(kuan)率（水(shui)平(ping)方向）為(wei)1.7%,要比(bi)第(di)一(yi)道次大了許多，這是符合開始小一(yi)些(xie)、中間(jian)大一(yi)些(xie)的(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)規律要求的(de)，見(jian)第(di)三架成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)輥(gun)(gun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)第(di)二架成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)輥(gun)(gun)的(de)鐓(dui)壓基(ji)礎上，再(zai)鐓(dui)壓，使(shi)其達到(dao)如圖(tu)(tu)5-42所(suo)(suo)示(shi)的(de)孔形(xing)形(xing)狀，這時將(jiang)已(yi)經成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)弧(hu)(hu)(hu)形(xing)瓦楞形(xing)鐓(dui)壓成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)梯形(xing)狀瓦楞形(xing)，而(er)一(yi)個(ge)(ge)波長（周期(qi)）為(wei)80mm,相對減(jian)(jian)寬(kuan)量(liang)（水(shui)平(ping)位移(yi)）僅為(wei)2.28mm,一(yi)個(ge)(ge)波長（周期(qi)）相對減(jian)(jian)寬(kuan)率（水(shui)平(ping)方向）為(wei)2.79%.通過鐓(dui)壓使(shi)弧(hu)(hu)(hu)深由8.18mm減(jian)(jian)小為(wei)7.00mm,這樣可使(shi)梯形(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)更(geng)加(jia)精(jing)確到(dao)位，為(wei)最(zui)后沖壓成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)達到(dao)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)品(pin)形(xing)狀及尺寸奠(dian)定(ding)良(liang)好的(de)基(ji)礎，此(ci)時，橫(heng)(heng)向鐓(dui)壓成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)已(yi)全部完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，隨(sui)后將(jiang)采用沖壓成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)輥(gun)(gun)在(zai)(zai)(zai)已(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)橫(heng)(heng)向波紋上完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)最(zui)終成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。
圖(tu)5-42是(shi)各架次(ci)成(cheng)型輥(gun)(gun)輥(gun)(gun)形尺寸圖(tu)。
第三架成(cheng)型輥輥形(xing)圖和(he)孔形(xing)圖，見(jian)圖5-43.第三架成(cheng)型輥應(ying)是由多片(pian)輥片(pian)疊加組合而(er)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)組合輥，輥片(pian)的(de)(de)(de)水平段和(he)圓弧(hu)段采取(qu)(qu)與(yu)板材接觸的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)式(shi)，而(er)傾斜段則采取(qu)(qu)與(yu)板材不接觸的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)式(shi)，為(wei)的(de)(de)(de)是減少成(cheng)型表(biao)面的(de)(de)(de)擦劃(hua)傷，此(ci)外，如此(ci)結構也將(jiang)便(bian)于成(cheng)型輥的(de)(de)(de)加工和(he)隨后的(de)(de)(de)使用與(yu)維(wei)護等(deng)。上、下輥斜角采取(qu)(qu)圓弧(hu)過渡，一般情況下，圓弧(hu)的(de)(de)(de)直徑應(ying)大(da)于板厚，所以圖5-43所示的(de)(de)(de)第三架上、下輥斜角的(de)(de)(de)圓弧(hu)過渡直徑為(wei)2.0mm,見(jian)圖5-43局部放大(da)圖。
3. 縱向波紋(wen)的(de)成(cheng)型
縱(zong)(zong)向(xiang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)的(de)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)是(shi)在橫(heng)向(xiang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)之(zhi)后(hou)的(de)橫(heng)向(xiang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)上(shang)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)的(de)。所以在已(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)的(de)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)上(shang)再成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)縱(zong)(zong)向(xiang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)是(shi)有難度(du)的(de)。其難度(du)主要(yao)表現為，可能破壞已(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)的(de)橫(heng)向(xiang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)，而(er)且縱(zong)(zong)向(xiang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)也成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)不好。選用何種方式成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)就成(cheng)(cheng)為縱(zong)(zong)向(xiang)波(bo)(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)的(de)關(guan)鍵(jian)。
沖壓(ya)(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)輥(gun)(gun)就是在(zai)一對(dui)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)輥(gun)(gun)上，按(an)工(gong)藝和(he)產品的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要求，在(zai)要面上間隙分(fen)(fen)布(bu)著凸起(qi)和(he)凹陷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)分(fen)(fen)，用(yong)于(yu)壓(ya)(ya)制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)楞(leng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)縱向(xiang)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)，同時又(you)不(bu)能損壞已(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)橫(heng)向(xiang)梯形(xing)(xing)(xing)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)，縱向(xiang)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)尺(chi)寸圖(tu)及(ji)實物圖(tu)片，見圖(tu)5-40和(he)圖(tu)5-41。之所以將沖壓(ya)(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)輥(gun)(gun)置于(yu)橫(heng)向(xiang)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)輥(gun)(gun)后(hou)(hou)、平(ping)整(zheng)輥(gun)(gun)前(qian)，是為(wei)了保(bao)證瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)楞(leng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)過程的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)穩定(ding)和(he)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)質(zhi)量。可以想象(xiang)，在(zai)沒有(you)(you)橫(heng)向(xiang)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平(ping)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)帶材(cai)上沖壓(ya)(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)凸起(qi)和(he)凹陷型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)材(cai)，由(you)于(yu)自由(you)度(du)大沒有(you)(you)約束(shu)力，沖壓(ya)(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)會造成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)坯料(liao)局部(bu)收(shou)縮(suo)，產生皺折及(ji)其他缺陷，影(ying)響成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)質(zhi)量和(he)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)品的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)尺(chi)寸。另(ling)外，瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)楞(leng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)鋼(gang)截面受材(cai)料(liao)內部(bu)殘(can)余應力作用(yong)，很容易(yi)產生扭轉，這也會影(ying)響成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)過程的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)穩定(ding)性。但在(zai)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)楞(leng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)橫(heng)向(xiang)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)輥(gun)(gun)后(hou)(hou)、平(ping)整(zheng)輥(gun)(gun)前(qian)，再(zai)用(yong)沖壓(ya)(ya)輥(gun)(gun)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)其縱向(xiang)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)，此時，已(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)橫(heng)向(xiang)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)使瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)楞(leng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)剛度(du)增大，同時又(you)受到(dao)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)輥(gun)(gun)和(he)平(ping)整(zheng)輥(gun)(gun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)約束(shu)，其自由(you)度(du)就減小(xiao)。以上這些都可以有(you)(you)效地防止局部(bu)收(shou)縮(suo)和(he)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)鋼(gang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)扭轉，從而對(dui)保(bao)證瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)楞(leng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)及(ji)質(zhi)量起(qi)到(dao)有(you)(you)效的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)保(bao)障(zhang)作用(yong)。瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)(wa)楞(leng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)橫(heng)向(xiang)波(bo)(bo)紋(wen)(wen)(wen)沖壓(ya)(ya)輥(gun)(gun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)示意圖(tu)，見圖(tu)5-44。
沖(chong)壓成(cheng)型輥也應做成(cheng)組合(he)式(shi)輥子(zi)，即由多輥片疊加組合(he)而成(cheng)。這種形式(shi)的輥子(zi)便于(yu)加工和維護，調整(zheng)使用方便。
