在一些檢修部門，習慣用手工來研磨久久99國產精品久久99果凍傳媒:閥門密封面。手工研磨只使用簡單的研磨工具而不需復雜的研磨設備，但這是一種費力的工作，生產效率很低，研磨質量主要依靠工人的技術水平來保證，因此研磨質量往往不夠穩定。

  手(shou)工(gong)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)分為(wei)(wei)粗(cu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)、精(jing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)和(he)(he)(he)(he)拋光等(deng)。粗(cu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)是(shi)為(wei)(wei)了消除密(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)上的(de)(de)(de)擦傷、壓(ya)痕、蝕點等(deng)缺(que)陷，提高密(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)平整度(du)(du)和(he)(he)(he)(he)降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)粗(cu)糙(cao)(cao)度(du)(du)，為(wei)(wei)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)精(jing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)打下(xia)基礎(chu)。精(jing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)是(shi)為(wei)(wei)了消除密(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)上的(de)(de)(de)粗(cu)紋路，進(jin)一步提高密(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)平整度(du)(du)和(he)(he)(he)(he)降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)粗(cu)糙(cao)(cao)度(du)(du)。拋光的(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)是(shi)降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)粗(cu)糙(cao)(cao)度(du)(du)，一般用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)粗(cu)糙(cao)(cao)度(du)(du)Ra在(zai)0.2μm以下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)。手(shou)工(gong)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)不(bu)(bu)管(guan)粗(cu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)還是(shi)精(jing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)，整個(ge)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)始(shi)終(zhong)貫(guan)穿提起、放下(xia)、旋轉、往復(fu)(fu)、輕敲(qiao)、換向等(deng)操作(zuo)相(xiang)結合(he)的(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)。其目的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)避免磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)粒軌(gui)跡重復(fu)(fu)，使密(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)得到均勻的(de)(de)(de)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)削(xue)，提高密(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)平整度(du)(du)，降(jiang)(jiang)低(di)粗(cu)糙(cao)(cao)度(du)(du)。在(zai)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)始(shi)終(zhong)貫(guan)穿著檢驗過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)，其目的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)隨時(shi)(shi)掌(zhang)握研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)情況，做(zuo)到心(xin)中(zhong)有數，使研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)質量達到技術要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求。在(zai)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)，清(qing)潔工(gong)作(zuo)是(shi)很重要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)環(huan)節(jie)，應(ying)做(zuo)到“三不(bu)(bu)落(luo)地”，即被研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)件不(bu)(bu)落(luo)地、工(gong)具(ju)(ju)不(bu)(bu)落(luo)地、物料不(bu)(bu)落(luo)地；“三不(bu)(bu)見天”，即顯(xian)示劑用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)后上蓋、研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)劑用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)后上蓋、稀(xi)釋劑（液(ye)(ye)）用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)后上蓋；“三干(gan)凈”，即研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)(ju)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)前要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)抹洗干(gan)凈、密(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)清(qing)洗干(gan)凈、更換研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)劑時(shi)(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)(ju)和(he)(he)(he)(he)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)抹洗干(gan)凈。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)中(zhong)應(ying)注(zhu)意檢查研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)(ju)不(bu)(bu)與密(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)外任何疤點臺肩相(xiang)摩擦，使研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)(ju)運動(dong)平穩(wen)，保證研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)質量。經(jing)(jing)過(guo)(guo)滲(shen)氨(an)、滲(shen)硼(peng)等(deng)表面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)處理的(de)(de)(de)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)，研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)時(shi)(shi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)小心(xin)謹慎，因為(wei)(wei)滲(shen)透層的(de)(de)(de)硬度(du)(du)隨著研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)量增大而明(ming)顯(xian)下(xia)降(jiang)(jiang)，研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)時(shi)(shi)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)削(xue)量應(ying)盡量小，最好進(jin)行(xing)拋光使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，至少(shao)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)精(jing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)后使用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)，如達不(bu)(bu)到要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求，就將(jiang)殘存的(de)(de)(de)滲(shen)透層磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)掉，重新(xin)滲(shen)透處理，恢復(fu)(fu)原有密(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)性能。用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)深冷的(de)(de)(de)閥門密(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)經(jing)(jing)過(guo)(guo)深冷定型(xing)處理后再研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)，否(fou)則，研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)好的(de)(de)(de)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)一經(jing)(jing)深冷就會變形。深冷處理可(ke)在(zai)液(ye)(ye)氨(an)中(zhong)進(jin)行(xing)。刀(dao)型(xing)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)一般寬度(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)0.5~0.8mm,接近(jin)線密(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)后，密(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)會變寬，應(ying)注(zhu)意恢復(fu)(fu)刀(dao)型(xing)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)原有的(de)(de)(de)尺寸，可(ke)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)車削(xue)或研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)刀(dao)型(xing)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)兩斜(xie)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)方法恢復(fu)(fu)寬度(du)(du)尺寸。

  研具(ju)(ju)使(shi)用后應(ying)進行(xing)一次檢查，對平整度不高的平面(mian)要修理好，并應(ying)清(qing)洗干凈(jing)，保持完整。要分門別類地把研磨工具(ju)(ju)擺(bai)放(fang)在(zai)工具(ju)(ju)箱(xiang)內，以便(bian)以后使(shi)用。

  研(yan)磨(mo)分平面(mian)(mian)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)研(yan)磨(mo)、錐形密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)研(yan)磨(mo)、圓弧密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)研(yan)磨(mo)、圓柱體(ti)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)研(yan)磨(mo)等(deng)幾種。

①. 閥體平面密封(feng)面的研(yan)磨 

  閥(fa)體密(mi)封(feng)平面位于閥(fa)體內腔，研磨比較困難。通常使用(yong)帶(dai)方(fang)孔的圓盤(pan)(pan)狀(zhuang)研磨工(gong)(gong)具，放在(zai)內腔的密(mi)封(feng)面上，再(zai)用(yong)帶(dai)方(fang)頭的長柄手把來(lai)帶(dai)動研盤(pan)(pan)運動。研盤(pan)(pan)上有圓柱(zhu)凸(tu)臺或引導墊(dian)片(pian)，以防止(zhi)在(zai)研磨過程中(zhong)研具局部(bu)離開環狀(zhuang)密(mi)封(feng)面而造成研磨不勻(yun)的現象。圖4-71為閘閥(fa)密(mi)封(feng)面的手工(gong)(gong)研磨。

  研(yan)磨(mo)前應(ying)將(jiang)研(yan)具(ju)工作面(mian)用(yong)丙(bing)酮或汽(qi)油(you)擦凈，并(bing)去除閥體密(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)飛邊、毛(mao)刺，再(zai)在(zai)(zai)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)上(shang)(shang)涂敷一(yi)層研(yan)磨(mo)劑(ji)。研(yan)具(ju)放入(ru)閥體內腔(qiang)時(shi)(shi)，要(yao)(yao)仔細地貼合(he)(he)在(zai)(zai)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)上(shang)(shang)，然后采用(yong)長(chang)柄(bing)手把(ba)使研(yan)盤(pan)做正(zheng)、反(fan)方(fang)向的(de)(de)回轉(zhuan)運(yun)動。先順時(shi)(shi)針回轉(zhuan)180°,再(zai)逆時(shi)(shi)針回轉(zhuan)90°,如此反(fan)復地進(jin)行。一(yi)般回轉(zhuan)10余次后研(yan)磨(mo)劑(ji)中(zhong)的(de)(de)磨(mo)粒便已磨(mo)鈍，故應(ying)該經(jing)常(chang)抬起研(yan)盤(pan)來添新的(de)(de)研(yan)磨(mo)劑(ji)。研(yan)磨(mo)的(de)(de)壓力要(yao)(yao)均勻(yun)，且不宜過大(da)。粗研(yan)時(shi)(shi)壓力可(ke)大(da)些，精(jing)研(yan)時(shi)(shi)應(ying)較小(xiao)。應(ying)注意不要(yao)(yao)因(yin)施加壓力使研(yan)具(ju)局部脫開密(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)。研(yan)磨(mo)一(yi)段時(shi)(shi)間后，要(yao)(yao)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查工件的(de)(de)平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)度(du)(du)。此時(shi)(shi)可(ke)取出(chu)研(yan)具(ju)，用(yong)丙(bing)酮或汽(qi)油(you)將(jiang)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)擦凈，再(zai)將(jiang)圓(yuan)盤(pan)形的(de)(de)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)平(ping)(ping)(ping)板(ban)輕(qing)輕(qing)放在(zai)(zai)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)上(shang)(shang)并(bing)用(yong)手輕(qing)輕(qing)旋動，取出(chu)平(ping)(ping)(ping)板(ban)后就可(ke)觀察到密(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)上(shang)(shang)出(chu)現的(de)(de)接觸痕跡。當(dang)環(huan)狀密(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)上(shang)(shang)均勻(yun)地顯示接觸痕跡，而徑向最小(xiao)接觸寬(kuan)度(du)(du)與密(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)寬(kuan)度(du)(du)之比(bi)（即(ji)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)與檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)平(ping)(ping)(ping)板(ban)的(de)(de)吻合(he)(he)度(du)(du)）達到工藝上(shang)(shang)規定(ding)的(de)(de)數值時(shi)(shi)，平(ping)(ping)(ping)面(mian)度(du)(du)就可(ke)認(ren)為合(he)(he)格。為了(le)保證檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)準(zhun)確(que)性，檢(jian)(jian)(jian)驗(yan)(yan)平(ping)(ping)(ping)板(ban)應(ying)經(jing)常(chang)檢(jian)(jian)(jian)查、修整。

②. 閘板、閥瓣平面(mian)密封面(mian)的研磨 

  閘板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)、閥瓣(ban)和閥座(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)密封平(ping)(ping)面可使用研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)平(ping)(ping)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)來(lai)手工(gong)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)平(ping)(ping)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)平(ping)(ping)面應(ying)平(ping)(ping)整。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)用平(ping)(ping)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)分刻槽平(ping)(ping)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)和光滑平(ping)(ping)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)兩種，如圖4-72所示(shi)。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)工(gong)作前，先(xian)用丙(bing)酮或汽油將研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)平(ping)(ping)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)表(biao)面擦干凈，然后在平(ping)(ping)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)上均勻(yun)、適量地涂一(yi)層研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)劑(ji)，把需(xu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)件表(biao)面貼合在平(ping)(ping)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)上即開(kai)始研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)。用手一(yi)邊旋轉(zhuan)一(yi)邊做直線運(yun)動，或做“8”字形運(yun)動。由于(yu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)運(yun)動方向的(de)(de)(de)不斷變更，使磨(mo)(mo)粒不斷地在新的(de)(de)(de)方向起磨(mo)(mo)削作用，故可提(ti)高研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)效率。圖4-73所示(shi)為閥體平(ping)(ping)面密封面的(de)(de)(de)手工(gong)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)。

  為(wei)了避免研(yan)(yan)磨平(ping)板(ban)(ban)的磨耗不均，不要總是在平(ping)板(ban)(ban)的中部(bu)研(yan)(yan)磨，應沿平(ping)板(ban)(ban)的全部(bu)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)上不斷變換部(bu)位(wei)，否則研(yan)(yan)磨平(ping)板(ban)(ban)將很快失去平(ping)面(mian)(mian)精度。

  閘(zha)板(ban)及有些(xie)閥(fa)座呈楔(xie)(xie)(xie)狀，密封平面圓周上的(de)(de)質量不均，厚(hou)薄(bo)不一致，容易產生(sheng)偏磨(mo)(mo)現(xian)象，厚(hou)的(de)(de)一頭容易多磨(mo)(mo)，薄(bo)的(de)(de)一頭會少磨(mo)(mo)。所以，在研磨(mo)(mo)楔(xie)(xie)(xie)式(shi)閘(zha)板(ban)密封面時，應附加一個平衡力，使楔(xie)(xie)(xie)式(shi)閘(zha)板(ban)密封面均勻磨(mo)(mo)削。圖(tu)4-74所示為楔(xie)(xie)(xie)式(shi)閘(zha)板(ban)密封面的(de)(de)整體(ti)研磨(mo)(mo)方法。