1. 滾光作用
滾筒滾光是將不銹鋼零件放入盛有堿性除油液的滾筒中,利用滾筒的旋轉,使零件相互摩擦,達到除去表面油污的作用。如果要求提高表面光潔度,可在滾筒內的堿性溶液中加入磨料,利用在轉動中使磨料與零件表面摩擦,達到整平表面,使零件表面光澤的目的。如果要求除去氧化皮,可在滾筒內加入酸類和非離子型表面活性劑,如OP-10,利用轉動作用,既除去油污,又除去氧化皮。滾光可以全部或部分替代磨光和拋光工作,它適用于大批量的小零件處理之用。但不適用于有外螺紋的或要求精密的高光潔度的零件的滾光。
2. 滾(gun)(gun)光用滾(gun)(gun)筒
滾(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)截面(mian)有圓形、六角形和八(ba)角形等形式。有角滾(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)比圓形滾(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)更易使筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)內零(ling)件(jian)翻動時相互碰(peng)撞(zhuang),光潔度(du)(du)提高(gao)快(kuai)些(xie)。滾(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)外(wai)圓直(zhi)徑(jing)取(qu)300~600mm為宜(yi)(yi),長(chang)度(du)(du)取(qu)500~800mm為宜(yi)(yi)。滾(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)內腔,如分數格(ge)(ge)以(yi)盛(sheng)裝不同(tong)的(de)小零(ling)件(jian),其長(chang)度(du)(du)可(ke)更長(chang)些(xie),每格(ge)(ge)自備(bei)密封開啟(qi)門。滾(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)轉速(su)采用(yong)(yong)45~65r/min.直(zhi)徑(jing)大的(de)滾(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)取(qu)慢轉速(su)。滾(gun)(gun)筒(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)制作(zuo)材料(liao)可(ke)采用(yong)(yong)5~10mm厚(hou)的(de)鋼(gang)板(ban)(ban)或不銹鋼(gang)板(ban)(ban),也可(ke)用(yong)(yong)10~20mm厚(hou)的(de)硬質(zhi)木料(liao)制作(zuo),最(zui)好(hao)在(zai)外(wai)面(mian)包(bao)薄(bo)鐵皮。
為(wei)了使筒內的零(ling)件(jian)有一定的壓(ya)力,并能相互滾(gun)(gun)動,滾(gun)(gun)筒內零(ling)件(jian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)載量按滾(gun)(gun)簡直徑D計,不少(shao)于(yu)1/3 D,不大于(yu)2/3 D.如果(guo)零(ling)件(jian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)得(de)太滿,則會造成零(ling)件(jian)只有轉(zhuan)動設有滾(gun)(gun)動,零(ling)件(jian)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)得(de)太少(shao),則會缺少(shao)滾(gun)(gun)動摩擦的壓(ya)力。
3. 滾(gun)光溶液和磨料
滾光(guang)溶(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)分(fen)為中(zhong)性(xing)(xing)溶(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)、酸(suan)(suan)(suan)性(xing)(xing)溶(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)和堿(jian)性(xing)(xing)溶(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)。中(zhong)性(xing)(xing)溶(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)使(shi)用的成分(fen)全是(shi)表面活性(xing)(xing)劑,如OP、6501、6503等,主(zhu)要用于除(chu)(chu)油和磨光(guang)。酸(suan)(suan)(suan)性(xing)(xing)溶(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)主(zhu)要成分(fen)為硫酸(suan)(suan)(suan)、鹽酸(suan)(suan)(suan)或(huo)其(qi)(qi)他(ta)酸(suan)(suan)(suan),含(han)量都很低(di),如15~25mL/L,以防腐蝕,其(qi)(qi)主(zhu)要目的是(shi)除(chu)(chu)氧化(hua)物(wu),在酸(suan)(suan)(suan)中(zhong)再加入表面活性(xing)(xing)劑OP-10 0.5~1mL/L,同時(shi)(shi)兼有除(chu)(chu)油作用,俗稱酸(suan)(suan)(suan)性(xing)(xing)除(chu)(chu)油液(ye)(ye)(ye),滾光(guang)時(shi)(shi)間1~2h,經過(guo)第1次酸(suan)(suan)(suan)性(xing)(xing)滾光(guang)后,經過(guo)水洗凈后,再經過(guo)第2次堿(jian)性(xing)(xing)溶(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)滾光(guang)。堿(jian)性(xing)(xing)溶(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)含(han)氫氧化(hua)鈉(na)20~30g/L、OP-10、0.5~1mL/L,時(shi)(shi)間1~2h,其(qi)(qi)目的是(shi)提(ti)高(gao)光(guang)潔度。
為(wei)了提高光(guang)潔度(du),除去零(ling)件(jian)凹(ao)處的油污,可(ke)加入適當的磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)料(liao)。磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)料(liao)包括(kuo)有(you)鋼(gang)材磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)料(liao)(鐵釘、鋼(gang)珠及沖床下腳(jiao)邊角(jiao)碎粒)、天然磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)料(liao)(金剛砂(sha)、花崗(gang)巖碎塊、大理石和石灰石顆粒)、陶(tao)瓷(ci)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)料(liao)(有(you)球形、圓柱形、棱(leng)錐(zhui)形、立方形、角(jiao)錐(zhui)體、圓錐(zhui)體等(deng))、樹(shu)脂黏結磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)料(liao)、動植物磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)料(liao)(玉米芯、核桃(tao)碎殼、鋸末、毛氈塊、碎皮革等(deng),適用于干磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo))。如果(guo)不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)零(ling)件(jian)表面沒有(you)銹(xiu)蝕或氧(yang)化(hua)皮,可(ke)直(zhi)接一次或多次性用溶液滾光(guang)。

