3.5%鎳(nie)(nie)鋼(gang)通過(guo)降低(di)碳(tan)、硫、磷含量,加(jia)入(ru)鎳(nie)(nie)等(deng)合金成(cheng)分,并通過(guo)熱(re)(re)(re)處理(li)細化(hua)晶(jing)粒,使其(qi)具有優(you)良(liang)的(de)低(di)溫(wen)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng),被(bei)廣(guang)泛應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)于(yu)乙烯、化(hua)肥、液化(hua)石(shi)油氣(qi)及(ji)煤氣(qi)工程中(zhong)(zhong)低(di)溫(wen)設備的(de)制(zhi)造。3.5%鎳(nie)(nie)鋼(gang)一(yi)般為正(zheng)火(huo)或正(zheng)火(huo)+回火(huo)狀態使用(yong)(yong),其(qi)低(di)溫(wen)韌(ren)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)較穩定,顯微組(zu)織為鐵素(su)體和珠(zhu)光體,使用(yong)(yong)溫(wen)度(du)(du)達-101℃.經調(diao)質處理(li),其(qi)組(zu)織和低(di)溫(wen)韌(ren)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)得到(dao)進一(yi)步改善,最(zui)低(di)使用(yong)(yong)溫(wen)度(du)(du)為-110℃.為避免由(you)于(yu)過(guo)熱(re)(re)(re)而使焊(han)(han)(han)縫及(ji)熱(re)(re)(re)影響區的(de)韌(ren)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)惡化(hua),焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)時(shi)(shi)焊(han)(han)(han)條(tiao)盡(jin)量不擺動,采陽(yang)焊(han)(han)(han)道(dao)、多(duo)道(dao)多(duo)層(ceng)焊(han)(han)(han),并嚴格(ge)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)預(yu)(yu)熱(re)(re)(re)溫(wen)度(du)(du)及(ji)焊(han)(han)(han)道(dao)間溫(wen)度(du)(du),一(yi)般控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)在(zai)50~100℃范(fan)圍內(nei),同(tong)時(shi)(shi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)采用(yong)(yong)小的(de)熱(re)(re)(re)輸(shu)入(ru)施焊(han)(han)(han),焊(han)(han)(han)條(tiao)電弧焊(han)(han)(han)的(de)熱(re)(re)(re)輸(shu)人(ren)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)在(zai)2.0kJ/mm以(yi)下,熔化(hua)極氣(qi)體保護(hu)焊(han)(han)(han)的(de)熱(re)(re)(re)輸(shu)入(ru)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)在(zai)2.5kJ/mm以(yi)下。由(you)于(yu)3.5%鎳(nie)(nie)鋼(gang)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)含碳(tan)量較低(di),所以(yi)其(qi)淬硬傾向(xiang)不大(da),一(yi)般可以(yi)不預(yu)(yu)熱(re)(re)(re),但板厚在(zai)25mm以(yi)上,焊(han)(han)(han)件剛性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)較大(da)時(shi)(shi),焊(han)(han)(han)前(qian)要(yao)預(yu)(yu)熱(re)(re)(re)到(dao)150℃左右(you),道(dao)間溫(wen)度(du)(du)與預(yu)(yu)熱(re)(re)(re)溫(wen)度(du)(du)相同(tong),鋼(gang)有應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)變(bian)時(shi)(shi)效傾向(xiang),當冷(leng)加(jia)工變(bian)形量在(zai)5%以(yi)上時(shi)(shi),要(yao)進行消除應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)力熱(re)(re)(re)處理(li)改善韌(ren)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。該(gai)類(lei)鋼(gang)在(zai)焊(han)(han)(han)后(hou)消除應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)力退(tui)火(huo)處理(li)過(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong),易產生回火(huo)脆性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。為避免回火(huo)脆性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing),建(jian)議采用(yong)(yong)4.5%Ni-0.2%Mo系焊(han)(han)(han)絲,用(yong)(yong)NB-3N焊(han)(han)(han)條(tiao)焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)時(shi)(shi),建(jian)議采用(yong)(yong)表5-58規定的(de)焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)電流,焊(han)(han)(han)后(hou)進行600~625℃熱(re)(re)(re)處理(li),有利于(yu)收善焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)接(jie)頭的(de)低(di)溫(wen)韌(ren)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)。


