熱處理工藝不僅直接影響著不銹(xiu)鋼的耐蝕性和耐熱性,而且對其加工性能起著決定性作用。針對不同組織、不同類型的不銹鋼,相應的熱處理工藝包括固溶、淬火、退火、回火、正火等。
由(you)于不銹鋼中鉻、鎳含量很高,其(qi)熱處理工藝與普通鋼相(xiang)比也有(you)較(jiao)大(da)差別:
1. 加(jia)熱(re)溫度較(jiao)高(最高1200℃),加(jia)熱(re)時間也相對(dui)較(jiao)長;
2. 不銹鋼的熱導率低,在低溫時溫度均勻性差;
3. 奧氏(shi)體不銹(xiu)鋼高溫(wen)膨脹(zhang)較嚴重;
4. 不銹(xiu)鋼的(de)表面質量(如平整(zheng)度、光潔度、色差等)對產(chan)品的(de)使用及價格有決定性(xing)的(de)影響,熱(re)處理時產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)氧化鐵皮會(hui)造(zao)成爐輥結瘤等問題(ti),將嚴重影響表面質量;
5. 要確保(bao)避免不銹鋼(gang)表(biao)面的擦(ca)劃(hua)傷(shang),同(tong)時防(fang)止(zhi)熱處理時鋼(gang)板(ban)產生變形(尤其是(shi)淬火時);
6. 輥底式(shi)高(gao)溫(wen)固溶爐可穩定實現的最高(gao)爐溫(wen)達1200℃,高(gao)于國內(nei)同類型(xing)熱處理(li)爐;
7. 對(dui)輥底式高溫固溶(rong)爐(lu)爐(lu)內氣氛實施(shi)自動化精(jing)確控(kong)制;
8. 爐內分成若(ruo)(ruo)干(gan)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)段,每段又分成若(ruo)(ruo)干(gan)加(jia)(jia)熱(re)區,嚴格按照模型計算的加(jia)(jia)熱(re)曲線加(jia)(jia)熱(re),實現加(jia)(jia)熱(re)溫(wen)度、加(jia)(jia)熱(re)速(su)率(lv)及板溫(wen)均勻性精確(que)控制。
a.熱處理爐
輥底式熱處理爐可分明火加熱和輻射管加熱,可以用于鋼板的退火、正火、淬火和回火熱處理。輥底式爐的產量和機械化、自動化程度相對較高,相對于其他爐型,具有可實現高速出爐的特性,縮短了鋼板淬火轉移時間。爐后可配備先進的輥式淬火機設備,目前在國內外不銹鋼中厚鋼板廠得到了廣泛應用。輻射管式熱處理爐受輻射管材質影響,對熱處理的最高溫度有一定限制,國內建設的輻射管式輥底爐最高爐溫一般不超過1000℃。因此大多數不銹鋼中板熱處理爐采用明火加熱方式。
b.淬火(huo)機
不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)中(zhong)(zhong)厚(hou)(hou)板(ban)(ban)熱處理(li)(li)線(xian)上(shang)(shang)使用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)機(ji)(ji)分為壓力淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)機(ji)(ji)和輥式(shi)連續(xu)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)機(ji)(ji)兩種(zhong)。輥式(shi)連續(xu)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)機(ji)(ji)與傳統(tong)固(gu)定式(shi)壓力淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)機(ji)(ji)有(you)(you)兩點不(bu)同(tong),一是鋼(gang)板(ban)(ban)在運動中(zhong)(zhong)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo),鋼(gang)板(ban)(ban)表面淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)均勻、無軟點;二是淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)鋼(gang)板(ban)(ban)長(chang)度不(bu)受機(ji)(ji)架(jia)限制,能(neng)(neng)夠有(you)(you)效避(bi)免淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)后瓢(piao)曲,可以(yi)(yi)以(yi)(yi)極高的(de)(de)(de)冷卻速率(lv)將鋼(gang)板(ban)(ban)冷卻到室溫。此淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)方式(shi)符合中(zhong)(zhong)厚(hou)(hou)板(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)(de)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)冷卻機(ji)(ji)理(li)(li)。輥式(shi)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)機(ji)(ji)生產效率(lv)高、產品質量好,是現代(dai)化熱處理(li)(li)線(xian)首選的(de)(de)(de)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)設(she)備(bei)。由于(yu)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)工(gong)藝復雜,淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)過程(cheng)控制難(nan)度大(da),此前(qian)世界(jie)上(shang)(shang)僅有(you)(you)德國(guo)(guo)LOI公司(si)、日(ri)本IHI公司(si)等(deng)幾(ji)家企(qi)(qi)業能(neng)(neng)提供(gong)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)設(she)備(bei)和技術。1996年至今,國(guo)(guo)內有(you)(you)16家不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)中(zhong)(zhong)厚(hou)(hou)板(ban)(ban)企(qi)(qi)業進口(kou)了成套(tao)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)設(she)備(bei),但(dan)進口(kou)設(she)備(bei)供(gong)貨周期(qi)長(chang)、價格昂貴,且常(chang)與熱處理(li)(li)爐(lu)捆綁(bang)銷(xiao)售,造成投資(zi)加倍,難(nan)以(yi)(yi)滿足(zu)國(guo)(guo)內中(zhong)(zhong)厚(hou)(hou)板(ban)(ban)企(qi)(qi)業的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)期(qi)及投資(zi)要求。隨著國(guo)(guo)內裝備(bei)制造技術的(de)(de)(de)提高,以(yi)(yi)東(dong)博為代(dai)表的(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)業已經能(neng)(neng)夠制造高水平的(de)(de)(de)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)設(she)備(bei),滿足(zu)不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)生產的(de)(de)(de)要求。目前(qian)國(guo)(guo)內不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)中(zhong)(zhong)厚(hou)(hou)板(ban)(ban)多采用(yong)輥式(shi)淬(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)(cui)火(huo)機(ji)(ji)。



至德(de)鋼業,我們根(gen)據您(nin)(nin)的實際需求,給(gei)出參考建議,為您(nin)(nin)提(ti)供高(gao)性價比(bi)的不銹鋼管道及(ji)配件(jian)。

