支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)臺(tai)又叫支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)座、鞍座、鞍形管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)頭(tou)、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)臺(tai)、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)座或加(jia)強(qiang)接(jie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，有(you)的(de)也稱為半(ban)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)頭(tou)，提供(gong)了一(yi)個大口(kou)徑(jing)(jing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)向小口(kou)徑(jing)(jing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)的(de)分支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)臺(tai)焊(han)(han)接(jie)其上的(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)稱為主(zhu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，焊(han)(han)接(jie)于支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)臺(tai)之上的(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)稱為支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。主(zhu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)補強(qiang)措施以避(bi)免裂紋、角焊(han)(han)縫和(he)邊的(de)錐形增固(gu)，從(cong)而避(bi)免管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件和(he)主(zhu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)焊(han)(han)接(jie)時(shi)發生(sheng)的(de)壁厚陡變。強(qiang)型管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件，代替(ti)使(shi)用(yong)異徑(jing)(jing)三(san)通(tong)、補強(qiang)板(ban)、加(jia)強(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)段等(deng)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)連接(jie)形式(shi)，具有(you)安全(quan)可(ke)靠、降低造(zao)價［可(ke)代替(ti)插(cha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)（sstub-inn），其強(qiang)度較插(cha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)強(qiang)很多(duo)，不需加(jia)強(qiang)板(ban)，且比有(you)加(jia)強(qiang)板(ban)的(de)插(cha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)便(bian)宜］、施工簡單、改善介(jie)質(zhi)流道(dao)(dao)、系(xi)列標準化、設計(ji)選用(yong)方便(bian)等(deng)突出優(you)點，尤其在高(gao)壓(ya)、高(gao)溫、大口(kou)徑(jing)(jing)、厚壁管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)中使(shi)用(yong)日益廣泛，取代了傳統的(de)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)連接(jie)方法。

  支(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)臺本體采(cai)用優質鍛(duan)(duan)件，用材與(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道材料相(xiang)同，有碳鋼(gang)、合金鋼(gang)、不銹鋼(gang)等(deng)。支(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)座(zuo)與(yu)主管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)均采(cai)用焊(han)(han)(han)接，與(yu)支(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)或其他(ta)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)［如短管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、絲堵（plug）等(deng)］、儀(yi)表、閥門(men)的連接有對焊(han)(han)(han)連接、承(cheng)插焊(han)(han)(han)連接、螺(luo)(luo)(luo)紋(wen)連接3種(zhong)形(xing)式(shi)。支(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)臺常用制(zhi)造和(he)尺寸(cun)等(deng)執(zhi)行標準有MSS SP-97《整體加強鍛(duan)(duan)制(zhi)分支(zhi)引出端管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件-承(cheng)插焊(han)(han)(han)式(shi)、螺(luo)(luo)(luo)紋(wen)式(shi)與(yu)對焊(han)(han)(han)式(shi)端頭》、GB／T19326《鋼(gang)制(zhi)承(cheng)插焊(han)(han)(han)、螺(luo)(luo)(luo)紋(wen)和(he)對焊(han)(han)(han)支(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)座(zuo)》、HG／T 21632《鍛(duan)(duan)鋼(gang)承(cheng)插焊(han)(han)(han)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)紋(wen)和(he)對焊(han)(han)(han)接管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)臺》等(deng)標準。

  法蘭(lan)連接管(guan)(guan)(guan)件多(duo)用于特殊配管(guan)(guan)(guan)場合(he)，實際用量相對比(bi)較少。其他常用的管(guan)(guan)(guan)件還有加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)接頭，例如螺紋加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)接頭（threadolet）、承插(cha)(cha)焊(han)加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)接頭（sockolet）、對焊(han)加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)接頭（weldolet）、插(cha)(cha)入加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)接頭（insert weldolet）、斜接加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)接頭（latrolet）、彎頭加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)接頭（elbolet）以及馬鞍座（sweepolet）加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)接頭。

  典(dian)型(xing)加強(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)接頭(tou)(tou)(tou)如圖4.6.14所示(shi)。這些(xie)加強(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)接頭(tou)(tou)(tou)可直(zhi)接焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)在(zai)主(zhu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)上(shang)，與三通一樣從主(zhu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)上(shang)引出支管(guan)(guan)(guan)，不(bu)(bu)需另外補強(qiang)，適(shi)用(yong)于(yu)高、中壓管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)。國內有化(hua)工標準HG／T 21632《鍛鋼(gang)承(cheng)插(cha)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)螺紋和對焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接管(guan)(guan)(guan)臺》。圖4.6.14（e）所示(shi)的(de)插(cha)入加強(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)接頭(tou)(tou)(tou)（insert weldolet）、彎頭(tou)(tou)(tou)加強(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)接頭(tou)(tou)(tou)（elbolet）以(yi)及 sweepolet加強(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)接頭(tou)(tou)(tou)與主(zhu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)連接的(de)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)縫可進行無損探傷檢查，焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)接可靠，克服了“馬鞍焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)”的(de)角焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)縫質量(liang)不(bu)(bu)易保證、檢查困難(nan)的(de)缺點(dian)，適(shi)用(yong)于(yu)火災危(wei)險分類為甲、乙類介(jie)質和劇毒介(jie)質的(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)，是理想的(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)接頭(tou)(tou)(tou)。圖4.6.14（f）所示(shi)是承(cheng)插(cha)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)(han)和螺紋連接的(de)變徑(jing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)接頭(tou)(tou)(tou)，用(yong)于(yu)DN50以(yi)下管(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)及其管(guan)(guan)(guan)配(pei)件的(de)連接。

  例如：某項目的材料描述為“WELDOLET DN 800×15，Sch80＞800×15 ，Sch80×1600”，意思是：主管規格是DN800，Sch80，支管規格是：DN15，Sch160。