熔化極惰性氣體保護焊的惰性氣體,通常采用氬氣。該焊接工藝已開始在許多領域中得到使用,其中以機械操作的縱縫焊應用最多。焊接時選擇直流反極性電源,以短路過渡和噴射過渡的熔滴形式進行操作,用熔化極氬弧焊短路過渡焊接奧氏體不銹鋼的焊接參數見表4-44,用熔化極氬弧焊噴射過渡焊接奧氏體型不銹鋼的焊接參數見表4-45。


在(zai)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)化(hua)極氬氣保護焊(han)(han)(han)(han)的基礎上加入(ru)脈沖(chong)電流(liu)即成脈沖(chong)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)化(hua)極氬弧(hu)焊(han)(han)(han)(han),它不(bu)僅具有(you)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)化(hua)極氬氣保護焊(han)(han)(han)(han)的所有(you)特點,同時能(neng)控制(zhi)(zhi)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)熱(re)輸(shu)(shu)入(ru),控制(zhi)(zhi)金屬(shu)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)池,使焊(han)(han)(han)(han)縫(feng)(feng)正反面成形良好,實現單面焊(han)(han)(han)(han)背(bei)面成形。表4-46為脈沖(chong)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)化(hua)極氬弧(hu)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)的單面焊(han)(han)(han)(han)背(bei)面成形對(dui)接(jie)(jie)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)縫(feng)(feng)的焊(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)參(can)數。表4-47為脈沖(chong)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)化(hua)極氬弧(hu)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)角(jiao)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)縫(feng)(feng)的焊(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)參(can)數。在(zai)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)同樣厚度的材料(liao)時,焊(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)熱(re)輸(shu)(shu)入(ru)比(bi)非脈沖(chong)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)化(hua)極焊(han)(han)(han)(han)小,相(xiang)應地減少(shao)了(le)熱(re)影響區,有(you)利于提高耐腐蝕性能(neng);同時減少(shao)了(le)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)應力與變形。脈沖(chong)電流(liu)的熱(re)循環對(dui)金屬(shu)熔(rong)(rong)(rong)池能(neng)起到(dao)攪拌作(zuo)用,有(you)利于細化(hua)焊(han)(han)(han)(han)縫(feng)(feng)結(jie)晶,降低產(chan)生裂紋(wen)的傾向。此外,這種焊(han)(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)方法可以(yi)減輕勞動(dong)強(qiang)度,提高生產(chan)效率。


